Silicon carbide (also known as carbon silicon stone, diamond sand, or refractory sand), with the simple chemical formula SiC, is a refractory material smelted at high temperatures in a resistance furnace. It consists of quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke), and sawdust. Silicon carbide also occurs naturally in the rare mineral moissanite.
Among modern high-tech refractory materials, such as non-oxides like C, N, and B, silicon carbide is a widely used and economical one. Domestically produced silicon carbide mainly comes in black and green forms. Both are hexagonal crystals with a specific gravity between 3.20 and 3.25 and a hardness between 2840 and 3320 kg/mm².
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